1.  Immediate Dissemination of  Information to Farms in Non-focal Areas (Annex 1)

2.  Epidemiology

• Actively conduct disease investigation culture and serology form in-contact people (farm, abattoirs, meat sellers, race course, equestrian clubs), pigs as well as other animals in the farm including wild animals in the vicinity to determine the actual epidemiology of the disease
• Stop all horse movements in the country. Screen horses and ponies in equestrian clubs.

• Destroy all pigs in focal areas. Impose the Animal Ordinance for the destruction of all animals (pigs and all other species) in the outbreak areas
• Stop JE vaccination in pigs in focal areas to prevent further spread of the disease to man (vaccinator) as well as from infected pig to non-infected pig
• Stop all  movement of pigs in focal areas
• In Bukit Pelandok, stop the ferrying of people between Bukit Pelandok and Batu 2 Sepang as the disease may spread to Sepang, Sg Pelek and Kuala Langat farms

• Annex 1
• Stop all pig movements between farms
• Stop all slaughter until further notice  – to allow for proper decontamination of the abattoir and check spread of disease – transport trucks, butchers, slaughterhouse workers.
• Assess the situation in a week and release slaughter of animals from farms with  certification by qualified veterinary surgeons for freedom from disease.

• Accept  help and assistance from Taiwan authorities who are already on standby, offering expertise and equipment, to help the Malaysian authorities in the mass destruction of the animals. We now await approval from the Ministry of Health, Malaysia
• Expedite the disease investigation process

• Farmers need a life support relief fund so they can continue living
• The industry can be reorganized and take care of  the environment as well
• Bridging loans to pay debts and rebuild farms to be made available
• Not to freeze loans or tighten credit to the farmers in the current situation.

• Watch out for unusual symptoms in pigs
• Report to the authorities if they observe these unusual symptoms
• What to do?
• Protect yourself and our workers
• Take on-farm action

• Disease with respiratory and nervous signs in pigs of all ages
• Sows with heavy breathing/loud coughing in great distress and can be heard far away followed by death with or without abortions or stillbirths
• Sudden death of other species (cats, dogs, rats, etc.,)  in the farm
• Frothy discharge with or without blood from the nose or mouth
• Blood does not clot from bleeding animals
• Sows may shake the head and bang head against the wall and pens which is indicative of brain infection
• Flatulence in sows

• If your farm has the above clinical findings, report to the nearest Department of  Veterinary Services office
• Inform the nearest Livestock Association

• Do not treat or touch sick animals
• Do not post-mortem pigs
• Do not remove dead pigs until at least a few hours after death
• Spray disinfectant on dead pigs before removal
• Wear protective clothing (see below)

• Wear long sleeves, gloves, masks and eye goggles if possible
• Wear boots – waterproof
• Prepare for additional change of clothing
• Use virucidal disinfectants such as chlorine, iodine, Dettol, Savlon and common antiseptics
• Prevent direct contact with uterine, seminal fluids, urine and faeces
• Sick animals should not be treated (See above on what to do)

• Intensify action to improve sanitation and fog the farm of mosquitoes
• clean weeds, remove all possible mosquito breeding grounds
• increase frequency of disinfection of farm and animals
• Kill rats with rodenticides. Remove all other animals and pets from the farms.

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This fact sheet, compiled from various sources, is for information only and not meant to be used for self-diagnosis or as a substitute for consultation with a health-care provider. If you have any questions about the disease described above, consult a health-care provider.

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Viral Encephalitis BattleGround

Kuala Lumpur, March 22, 1999

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